نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران.
2 دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران
3 استادیار، دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران.
چکیده
ارزیابی غیرمخرب افت خواص مکانیکی و ضخامت سازههای دو لایه به منظور پایش سلامت این سازه‌ها از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است. هدف این پژوهش پیشنهاد یک روش ارزیابی غیرمخرب بر پایه گسترش امواج لمب برای بررسی سازههای دو لایه فلز-کامپوزیت بوده است. بدین منظور، مدل اجزای محدود یک صفحه فولادی پوشش داده شده با کامپوزیت ایجاد شد که در آن پوشش کامپوزیتی از لایه‌های نمد الیاف شیشه خرد شده و پارچه فیبر شیشه روینگ بافته شده تشکیل شده بود. مود پادمتقارن اصلی موج لمب (A0) با فرکانسهای تحریک مختلف در نمونه‌های دو لایه مدل شده گسترش یافتند. نمودارهای پراکندگی مود A0 موج لمب با در نظر گرفتن ضخامتهای مختلف و افت خواص مکانیکی لایه فلزی و پوشش کامپوزیتی بدست آمدند. بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده مشاهده شد که تاثیر ضخامت و افت خواص مکانیکی صفحه فولادی بر سرعت مود A0 موج لمب بیشتر از تاثیر ضخامت و افت خواص مکانیکی پوشش کامپوزیتی بود. همچنین، تخمین ضخامت پوشش کامپوزیتی در فرکانسهای پایین بهتر انجام شد، در حالی که شناسایی افت خواص مکانیکی پوشش کامپوزیتی و صفحه فولادی در فرکانسهای بالاتر بهتر صورت گرفت. در نتیجه، روش شبیه‌سازی گسترش امواج لمب می تواند به عنوان یک آزمایشگاه مجازی برای ایجاد روشهایی برای ارزیابی غیرمخرب سازههای دو لایه فلز-کامپوزیت با خواص مکانیکی و ضخامتهای مختلف مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Nondestructive evaluation of bilayer metal-composite structures using finite element simulation of guided Lamb wave propagation
نویسندگان [English]
- Yousef Parvari 1
- Hasan Ramezani 2
- Siavash Kazemirad 3
1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
2 School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
3 School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of the mechanical properties and thickness loss of bilayer structures is of great importance for health monitoring purposes. This study aimed to propose an NDE method based on the Lamb wave propagation for the inspection of bilayer metal-composite structures. The finite element model of a steel substrate coated with a layered composite material was developed, where the composite coating constituted by chopped strand glass fiber mat and woven roving glass fiber cloth layers. The fundamental antisymmetric Lamb wave mode (A0) with different excitation frequencies were generated and propagated on the modeled bilayer specimens. The dispersion curves for the A0 Lamb wave mode were obtained for the simulated specimens, considering different thicknesses and a range of material properties decay for the metal substrate and composite coating. The obtained results showed that the effect of the thickness and decay in the mechanical properties of the substrate on the A0 Lamb wave mode velocity was more than the effect of the thickness and decay in the mechanical properties of the composite coating. Besides, the estimation of coating thickness was performed more accurately at low frequencies, while the decay in the mechanical properties of the coating and substrate was better evaluated at higher frequencies. It was concluded that the simulated Lamb wave propagation method can be used as a virtual lab for the development of methods for nondestructive evaluation of bilayer metal-composite structures with different material properties and thicknesses.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Guided waves
- Lamb wave
- Composite coating
- Coated structures
- Finite element modeling
[2] Shokrieh, M. M. and Omidi, M. J., “Reinforcement of Metallic Plates with Composite Materials“ Journal of composite materials, Vol. 39, No. 8, pp. 723-744, 2005.
[3] Masurkar, F., Tse, P. and Yelve, N. P., “Evaluation of Inherent and Dislocation Induced Material Nonlinearity in Metallic Plates Using Lamb Waves“ Applied Acoustics, Vol. 136, pp. 76-85, 2018.
[4] Cho, H., Hasanian, M., Shan, S. and Lissenden, C. J., “Nonlinear Guided Wave Technique for Localized Damage Detection in Plates with Surface-Bonded Sensors to Receive Lamb Waves Generated by Shear-Horizontal Wave Mixing“ NDT & E International, Vol. 102, pp. 35-46, 2019.
[6] Fathi, H., Kazemirad, S. and Nasir, V., “A Nondestructive Guided Wave Propagation Method for the Characterization of MoistureDependent Viscoelastic Properties of Wood Materials“ Materials and Structures, Vol. 53, No. 6, pp. 1-14, 2020.
[7] Fathi, H., Nasir, V. and Kazemirad, S., “Prediction of the Mechanical Properties of Wood Using Guided Wave Propagation and Machine Learning“ Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 262, pp. 120848, 2020.
[8] Fathi, H., Kazemirad, S. and Nasir, V., “Lamb Wave Propagation Method for Nondestructive Characterization of the Elastic Properties of Wood“ Applied Acoustics, Vol. 171, pp. 107565, 2021.
[9] Rastegarmoghaddam , M., Nikkhouy Tanha , S. D. and Rajabi , M., “Use of Machine Learning to Identify Adhesive Joints Defects by Using Ultrasonic Waves,“ In Persian, Amirkabir Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 54, No. 2, pp. 16, 2021.
[10]Taghipour Birgani, P., “Investigation of the Effect of Angle Beam Transducer Parameters on the Lamb Wave Field in the Three–Layer Plate by Normal Mode Expansion Method“ Journal of Computational Applied Mechanics, Vol. 51, No. 2, pp. 482-485, 2020.
[11]Jenot, F., Ouaftouh, M., Duquennoy, M. and Ourak, M., “Corrosion Thickness Gauging in Plates Using Lamb Wave Group Velocity Measurements“ Measurement Science and Technology,Vol. 12, No. 8, pp. 1287, 2001.
[12]Rao, J., Ratassepp, M., Lisevych, D., Hamzah Caffoor, M. and Fan, Z., “On-Line Corrosion Monitoring of Plate Structures Based on Guided Wave Tomography Using Piezoelectric Sensors“ Sensors, Vol. 17, No. 12, pp. 2882, 2017.
[13]Datta, S. K., “Elastic Waves in Composite Media and Structures: With Applications to Ultrasonic Nondestructive Evaluation“, CRC Press, 2019.
[14]Ramezani, H., Kazemirad, S., Shokrieh, M. and Mardanshahi, A., “Effects of Adding Carbon Nanofibers on the Reduction of Matrix Cracking in Laminated Composites: Experimental and Analytical Approaches“ Polymer Testing, pp. 106988, 2020.
[15]Mardanshahi, A., Nasir, V., Kazemirad, S. and Shokrieh, M., “Detection and Classification of Matrix Cracking in Laminated Composites Using Guided Wave Propagation and Artificial Neural Networks“ Composite Structures, pp. 112403, 2020.
[16]Mardanshahi, A., Shokrieh, M. and Kazemirad, S., “Identification of Matrix Cracking in Cross-Ply Laminated Composites Using Lamb Wave Propagation“ Composite Structures, Vol. 235, pp. 111790, 2020.
[17]Shafiei Alavijeh, M. and Soorgee, M. H., “Experimental and Numerical Study of Delamination Detection in a Wgf/Epoxy Composite Plate Using Ultrasonic Guided Waves and Signal Processing Tools“ Journal of Theoretical and Applied Vibration and Acoustics, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 141-152, 2018.
[18]Riahi , M. and Ahmadi , A., “Utilization of Artificial Neural Networks for Detection and Classification of Damages in
Composite Plate-Like Structures Via Ultrasonic Guided Waves,“ In Persian, Journal of Science and Technology of Composites, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 343-352, 2018.
[19]Castaings, M., Singh, D. and Viot, P., “Sizing of Impact Damages in Composite Materials Using Ultrasonic Guided Waves“ NDT & E International, Vol. 46, pp. 22-31, 2012.
[20]Gao, F., Zeng, L., Lin, J. and Shao, Y., “Damage Assessment in Composite Laminates Via Broadband Lamb Wave“ Ultrasonics,Vol. 86, pp. 49-58, 2018.
[21]Wang, L. and Rokhlin, S., “Stable Reformulation of Transfer Matrix Method for Wave Propagation in Layered Anisotropic Media“ Ultrasonics, Vol. 39, No. 6, pp. 413-424, 2001.
[22]Castaings, M. and Hosten, B., “Guided Waves Propagating in Sandwich Structures Made of Anisotropic, Viscoelastic, Composite Materials“ The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 113, No. 5, pp. 2622-2634, 2003.
[23]Dahmen, S., Amor, M. B. and Ghozlen, M. H. B., “Investigation of the Coupled Lamb Waves Propagation in Viscoelastic and Anisotropic Multilayer Composites by Legendre Polynomial Method“ Composite Structures, Vol. 153, pp. 557-568, 2016.
[24]Daryabor, p., Farzin, m. and Honarvar, F., “Calculating the Lamb Wave Modes in an Aluminum Sheet Bonded to a Composite Layer with Fem and Experiment“ Modares Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 95-106, 2013.
[25]Alleyne, D. N. and Cawley, P., “The Interaction of Lamb Waves with Defects“ IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control, Vol. 39, No. 3, pp. 381-397, 1992.
[27]Yang, C., Ye, L., Su, Z. and Bannister, M., “Some Aspects of Numerical Simulation for Lamb Wave Propagation in Composite Laminates“ Composite structures, Vol. 75, No. 1-4, pp. 267-275, 2006.
[28]Moser, F., Jacobs, L. J. and Qu, J., “Modeling Elastic Wave Propagation in Waveguides with the Finite Element Method“ Ndt & E International, Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 225-234, 1999.
[29]Alleyne, D. and Cawley, P., “A Two-Dimensional Fourier Transform Method for the Measurement of Propagating Multimode
Signals“ The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 89,
No. 3, pp. 1159-1168, 1991.
[30]Donaldson, B. K., “Analysis of Aircraft Structures: An Introduction“, Cambridge University Press, 2008.
)