نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران ، تهران، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد، مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران ، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکترا، مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران

10.22068/jstc.2018.83370.1427

چکیده

امروزه استفاده از مواد با ساختار هدفمند به دلیل ویژگی‌های منحصربه‌فرد این‌گونه مواد در ارائه خواص چندگانه و گاهی متضاد در یک حجم ماده، کاربردهای متنوعی در صنایع مختلف به‌خصوص صنایع هوافضا، توربوماشین ها، صنایع پوشش دهی و ... پیدا کرده است. هدف این مقاله تولید ورق هدفمند کامپوزیت پایه آلومینیومی با تقویت‌کننده SiC و با استفاده از روش متالورژی پودر و نورد گرم میباشد. بدین منظور مقدار تقویت‌کننده در راستای ضخامت به‌صورت پله‌ای از مقدار صفرتا چهار درصد حجمی تغییر نموده است. نمونه‌ها در 4 مرحله شامل آسیابکاری مکانیکی، گاز زدایی، فشرده سازی سرد و تف جوشی تهیه‌ شده وسپس تا سه مرحله نورد گرم بر روی آنها انجام پذیرفته است. نحوه توزیع ذرات تقویت کننده در فاز ماتریس با استفاده از میکروسکوپ نوری مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است . بعلاوه خواص مکانیکی نمونه ها شامل سختی، استحکام کششی و خمشی آنها اندازه گیری و گزارش‌ شده است. در نهایت نیز سطح شکست نمونه های آزمون کشش و خمش با استفاده از میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. مطابق تصاویر به‌دست‌آمده از ریزساختار نمونه ها، ذرات تقویت کننده توزیع قابل قبولی در فاز ماتریس دارند. همچنین نتایج نشان دهنده افزایش سختی و استحکام، با افزایش ذرات تقویت کننده و افزایش تعداد مراحل نورد است. بعلاوه مکانیزیم اصلی شکست در لایه آلومینیوم خالص ایجاد و رشد ترک بین ذرات پودر اولیه آلومینیوم است، در حالی که مکانیزم غالب در نمونه کامپوزیتی جدایش در سطح مشترک دو فاز و ایجاد ترک بعلت تجمع محدود ذرات تقویت کننده می باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Fabrication of FGM sheet of aluminum matrix composite using powder metallurgy and hot-rolling processes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Sedighi 1
  • Mohammad Shakibaei Nasab 2
  • Amirhossein Jabbari Mostahsan 3

1 Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran

2 Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran

3 Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Nowadays, functionally graded materials have different applications in various industries, such as Aerospace industry, turbomachinery, coating industry, etc., due to their unique ability in providing multiple and sometimes opposite properties in a material volume. The purpose of this paper is to fabricate functionally graded material sheet of aluminum based composite with SiC reinforcing particles, using powder metallurgy and hot rolling methods. In this regard, the amount of reinforcement in the direction of thickness has been changed from the value of 0 to 4 weight percent. The samples were prepared in four steps including ball-milling, degassing, cold pressing and sintering, and then were hot-rolled up to three passes. The distribution of the reinforcing particles in the matrix phase was evaluated using optical microscope. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of the FGM samples including their hardness, tensile strength and flexural strength were measured and reported. Finally, the fracture surfaces in the tensile and flexural tests were observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM). According to the images obtained from the microstructure of the samples, the reinforcing particles have an acceptable distribution in the matrix phase. Also, the results indicate that the hardness and strength are enhanced by increasing reinforcing particles and the number of rolling passes. In addition, the main fracture mechanism in pure aluminum layer is the initiation and propagation of cracks between initial aluminum powder particles, while separation of two phases in the matrix-reinforcement interface and small SiC particle agglomerations are responsible for crack initiation in the composite layers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • FGM Sheet
  • Metal Matrix Composite
  • Mechanical properties
  • Powder Metallurgy
  • Hot Rolling
[1]  Sun, L., Sneller, A. and Kwon, P., “Fabrication of Alumina/Zirconia Functionally Graded Material: From Optimization of Processing Parameters to Phenomenological Constitutive Models,” Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 488, No. 1-2, pp. 31-38, 2008.
[2]  Bhattacharyya, M., Kumar, A. and Kapuria, S., “Synthesis and Characterization of Al/SiC and Ni/Al2O3 Functionally Graded Materials,” Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 487, No. 1-2, pp. 524-535, 2008.
[3]  Olatunji-Ojo., A. O., Boetcher, S. K. S. and Cundari, T. R., “Thermal Conduction Analysis of Layered Functionally Graded Materials,” Computational Materials Science, Vol. 54, pp. 329-335, 2012.
[4]  Alibeigloo, A. and Ranjbar, J., “Analysis of Sandwich Cylindrical Shell with FGM Core Subjected to Thermal Shock,” In Persian, Modares Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 14, No.5, pp.175-182, 2014.
[5] Sedighi, M., Omidi, N., Jabbari, A. H., “Experimental Investigation of FGM Dental Implant Properties Made from Ti/HA Composite,” Mechanics of Advanced Composite Structures, Vol. 4, pp. 233-237, 2017.
[6]  Canakci, A., Varol, T. and Ozsahin, S., “Prediction of Effect of Volume Fraction, Compact Pressure and Milling Time on Properties of Al-Al2O3 MMCs Using Neural Networks,” Metals and Materials International, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 519-526, 2013.
[7]  Dumont, A. L., Bonnet, J. P., Chartier, T. and Ferreira, J. M. F., “MoSi2/Al2O3 FGM: Elaboration by Tape Casting and SHS,” Journal of the European Ceramic Society, Vol. 21, No. 13, pp. 2353-2360, 2001.
[8]  Ram, S. C., Chattopadhyay, K. and Chakrabarty, I., “High Temperature Tensile Properties of Centrifugally Cast In-Situ Al-Mg2Si Functionally Graded Composites for Automotive Cylinder Block Liners,” Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 724, pp. 84-97, 2017.
[9]  Birman, V., and Byrd, L. W., “Modeling and Analysis of Functionally Graded Materials and Structures,” Applied Mechanics Reviews, Vol. 60, No. 5, pp. 195–216, 2007.
[10]         Song, C. J., Xu, Z. M. and Li, J. G., “In-Situ Al/Al3Ni Functionally Graded Materials by Electromagnetic Separation Method,” Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 445-446., pp. 148-154, 2007.
[11]        Miyamoto, Y., Kaysser, W. A., Rabin, B. H., Kawasaki, A. and Ford, R. G., “Functionally Graded Materials: Design, Processing and Applications,” 1st ed., Springer Science & Business Media, New York, pp.161-246, 1999.
[12]         Rodrı́guez-Castro, R., Wetherhold, R. C. and Kelestemur, M. H., “Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Functionally Graded Al A359/SiCp Composite,” Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 323, No.1–2, pp. 445-456, 2002.
[13]         Tabesh, A. Ebrahimi, Gh. and Ezatpour, H. R., “The Investigation and Comparison of Mechanical Properties and Microstructure Al/CNT and Al/CNT/Al2O3 Composites Produced by Mixed Accumulative Roll Bounding,” In Persian, Journal of Science and Technology of Composites, Vol. 4, No. 4, pp. 464-470, 2018.
[14]         Ahmadifard, S., Shahin, N., Kazemi, S., Heidarpour, A. and Shirazi, A., “Fabrication of A5083/SiC Surface Composite by Friction Stir Processing and Its Characterization,” In Persian, Journal of Science and Technology of Composites, Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 31-36, 2016.
[15]         Amouri, K., Kazemi, Sh., Kazazi, M., “Evaluation of the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-SiC Nanocomposite Fabricated by Stir Casting,” In Persian, Modares Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 21-28, 2016.
[16]         Rikhtegar, F., Shabestari, S. and Saghafian, H., “Investigation of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al2024-CNT Nanocomposite Produced by Flake Powder Metallurgy Process,” In Persian, Journal of Science and Technology of Composites, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 91-100, 2017.
[17]         Sharifi, H., Davoodi, D. and Ghayour, H., “Investigating the Physical and Surface Properties at High Temperature of the Al/Sic Nanocomposite Produced by Powder Metallurgy,” In Persian, Journal of Science and Technology of Composites, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 33-40, 2015.
[18]         Mohammadi, S., Jabbari, A. H. and Sedighi, M., “Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Mg-SiCp Composite Sheets Fabricated by Sintering and Warm Rolling,” Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, Vol. 26, No. 7, pp. 3410-3419, 2017